[C# 프로그래밍] 6강 제네릭 프로그래밍

제네릭 메소드와 클래스 예제

using System;
 
namespace GenericEx
{
    class ClassA
    {
        public static void CopyArray(int[] src, int[] target)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < src.Length; ++i)
            {
                target[i] = src[i];
            }
        }
        
        public static void CopyArray(string[] src, string[] target)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < src.Length; ++i)
            {
                target[i] = src[i];
            }
        }
        
        // 제네릭 메소드
        public static void GenericCopyArray<T>(T[] src, T[] target)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < src.Length; ++i)
            {
                target[i] = src[i];
            }
        }
    }
    
    // 제네릭 클래스
    class GenericClassA<T>
    {
        public static void GenericCopyArray(T[] src, T[] target)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < src.Length; ++i)
            {
                target[i] = src[i];
            }
        }
    }
 
    class MainClass
    {
        public static void Main (string[] args)
        {
                int[] iSrc = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
                int[] iTarget = new int[5];
                
                string[] strSrc = { "ab", "cd", "ef", "gh", "ij" };
                string[] strTarget = new string[5];
                
                ClassA.CopyArray(iSrc, iTarget);
                foreach (int i in iTarget)
                    Console.WriteLine(i);
                
                ClassA.CopyArray(strSrc, strTarget);
                foreach (string s in strTarget)
                    Console.WriteLine(s);
                
                float[] fSrc = { 0.1f, 0.2f, 0.3f, 0.4f, 0.5f };
                float[] fTarget = new float[5];
                
                // 제네릭 메소드의 활용
                ClassA.GenericCopyArray<float>(fSrc, fTarget);
                foreach (float f in fTarget)
                    Console.WriteLine(f);
                
                // 제네릭 클래스의 활용
                GenericClassA<float>.GenericCopyArray(fSrc, fTarget);
                foreach (float f in fTarget)
                    Console.WriteLine(f);
                
                Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

LinkedList<T> 예제

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
namespace LinkedListTEx
{
    class MainClass
    {
        private static void Display(LinkedList<string> words, string test)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(test);
            foreach (string word in words)
            {
                Console.Write(word + " ");
            }
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine();
        }
        
        private static void IndicateNode(LinkedListNode<string> node, string test)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(test);
            if (node.List == null)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Node '{0}' is not in the list.\n",
                                  node.Value);
                return;
            }
            
            StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder("(" + node.Value + ")");
            LinkedListNode<string> nodeP = node.Previous;
            
            while (nodeP != null)
            {
                result.Insert(0, nodeP.Value + " ");
                nodeP = nodeP.Previous;
            }
            
            node = node.Next;
            while (node != null)
            {
                result.Append(" " + node.Value);
                node = node.Next;
            }
            
            Console.WriteLine(result);
            Console.WriteLine();
        }
 
        public static void Main (string[] args)
        {
            string[] words = { "유니티", "C#으로", "스크립팅", "한다"};
 
            // 연결 리스트의 생성
            LinkedList<string> sentence = new LinkedList<string>(words);
 
            Display(sentence, "연결 리스트의 값은:");
            Console.WriteLine("sentence.Contains(\"유니티\") = {0}", sentence.Contains("유니티"));
 
            sentence.AddFirst("오늘은");
            Display(sentence, "Test 1: 리스트 앞에 '오늘은' 문자열 추가");
 
            LinkedListNode<string> mark1 = sentence.First;
            sentence.RemoveFirst();
            sentence.AddLast(mark1);
            Display(sentence, "Test 2: 마지막 단어를 끝으로 이동");
 
            sentence.RemoveLast();
            sentence.AddLast("오늘만");
            Display(sentence, "Test 3: 마지막 단어를 '오늘만' 으로 변경");
 
            mark1 = sentence.Last;
            sentence.RemoveLast();
            sentence.AddFirst(mark1);
            Display(sentence, "Test 4: 마지막 노드를 첫 노드로 이동");
            
            sentence.RemoveFirst();
            LinkedListNode<string> current = sentence.FindLast("C#으로");
            IndicateNode(current, "Test 5: '스크립팅'이라는 단어를 찾아 가리킨다 ");
            
            sentence.AddAfter(current, "자바스크립트로");
            sentence.AddAfter(current, "그리고");
            IndicateNode(current, "Test 6: '스크립팅' 단어 뒤에 단어 추가");
 
            current = sentence.Find("유니티");
            IndicateNode(current, "Test 7: '유니티' 노드를 가리킨다");
 
            sentence.AddBefore(current, "오늘과");
            sentence.AddBefore(current, "내일은");
            IndicateNode(current, "Test 8: '오늘과', '내일은' 단어를 '유니티' 노드 앞에 추가");
        }
    }
}

List<T> 예제

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
namespace ListTEx
{    
    public class Enemy {
        public string Name { get; set; }        
        public int Level { get; set; }
        public int HP { get; set; }
        public int Exp { get; set; }
                
        public void printEnemyInfo() {
            Console.WriteLine ("Name : {0} Level : {1} HP : {2} Exp : {3}", Name, Level, HP, Exp);
        }
    }
 
    class MainClass
    {
        public static List<Enemy> enemyList;
 
        public static void Main (string[] args)
        {
            enemyList = new List<Enemy>();
            // 추가
            enemyList.Add (new Enemy () { Name = "Slime", Level = 1, HP = 200, Exp = 30 });
            enemyList.Add (new Enemy () { Name = "Zombie", Level = 2, HP = 100, Exp = 50 });
            enemyList.Add (new Enemy () { Name = "Skeleton", Level = 3, HP = 120, Exp = 80 });
            enemyList.Add (new Enemy () { Name = "Bugbear", Level = 4, HP = 300, Exp = 150 });
 
            // 삽입
            enemyList.Insert (2, new Enemy () { Name = "Bugbear", Level = 5, HP = 350, Exp = 180 });
 
            Console.WriteLine ("**********************");
            foreach (Enemy enemy in enemyList) {
                enemy.printEnemyInfo();
            }
 
            // 삭제
            enemyList.RemoveAt (2);
 
            // 검색 후 삭제
            Enemy bugBear = enemyList.Find (x => x.Name.Equals ("Bugbear"));
            enemyList.Remove (bugBear);
 
            Console.WriteLine ("**********************");
            foreach (Enemy enemy in enemyList) {
                enemy.printEnemyInfo();
            }
        }
    }
}

Dictionary<TKey, TValue> 예제

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
namespace DictionaryTEx
{
    public class FileFormatTable {
        private Dictionary<string, string> openWith;
        
        public FileFormatTable() {
            openWith = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            
            // 추가
            openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
            openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
            openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
            openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");
            openWith.Add("odf", "wordpad.exe");
            
            // 이미 할당 된 키일 경우 
            try
            {
                openWith.Add("txt", "winword.exe");
            }
            catch
            {
                Console.WriteLine("An element with Key = \"txt\" already exists.");
            }
            
            // 제거
            openWith.Remove("odf");
        }
        
        public void printTable() {
            // 탐색
            foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> d in openWith)
                Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", d.Key, d.Value);
        }
    }
 
    class MainClass
    {
        public static void Main (string[] args)
        {
            FileFormatTable fileFormatTable = new FileFormatTable ();
            fileFormatTable.printTable ();
        }
    }
}

Queue<T> 예제

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
namespace QueueTEx
{
    public class Enemy {
        public string Name { get; set; }        
        public int Level { get; set; }
        public int HP { get; set; }
        public int Exp { get; set; }
        
        public void printEnemyInfo() {
            Console.WriteLine ("Name : {0} Level : {1} HP : {2} Exp : {3}", Name, Level, HP, Exp);
        }
    }
 
    class MainClass
    {
        public static Queue<Enemy> enemyQueue;
 
        public static void Main (string[] args)
        {
            enemyQueue = new Queue<Enemy>();
            // 추가
            enemyQueue.Enqueue (new Enemy () { Name = "Slime", Level = 1, HP = 200, Exp = 30 });
            enemyQueue.Enqueue (new Enemy () { Name = "Zombie", Level = 2, HP = 100, Exp = 50 });
            enemyQueue.Enqueue (new Enemy () { Name = "Skeleton", Level = 3, HP = 120, Exp = 80 });
            enemyQueue.Enqueue (new Enemy () { Name = "Bugbear", Level = 4, HP = 300, Exp = 150 });
            enemyQueue.Enqueue (new Enemy () { Name = "Bugbear", Level = 5, HP = 350, Exp = 180 });
            
            Console.WriteLine ("**********************");
            foreach (Enemy enemy in enemyQueue) {
                enemy.printEnemyInfo();
            }
            
            // 삭제
            Console.WriteLine ("********* Out *********");
            Enemy outEnemy = enemyQueue.Dequeue ();
            outEnemy.printEnemyInfo ();
 
            Console.WriteLine ("**********************");
            foreach (Enemy enemy in enemyQueue) {
                enemy.printEnemyInfo();
            }
 
            // 검색 후 삭제
            Console.WriteLine ("******** First *********");
            Enemy firstEnemy = enemyQueue.Peek();
            firstEnemy.printEnemyInfo ();
        }
    }
}

Stack<T> 예제

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
namespace StackTEx
{
    public class Enemy {
        public string Name { get; set; }        
        public int Level { get; set; }
        public int HP { get; set; }
        public int Exp { get; set; }
        
        public void printEnemyInfo() {
            Console.WriteLine ("Name : {0} Level : {1} HP : {2} Exp : {3}", Name, Level, HP, Exp);
        }
    }
 
    class MainClass
    {
        public static Stack<Enemy> enemyStack;
 
        public static void Main (string[] args)
        {
            enemyStack = new Stack<Enemy>();
            // 추가
            enemyStack.Push (new Enemy () { Name = "Slime", Level = 1, HP = 200, Exp = 30 });
            enemyStack.Push (new Enemy () { Name = "Zombie", Level = 2, HP = 100, Exp = 50 });
            enemyStack.Push (new Enemy () { Name = "Skeleton", Level = 3, HP = 120, Exp = 80 });
            enemyStack.Push (new Enemy () { Name = "Bugbear", Level = 4, HP = 300, Exp = 150 });
            enemyStack.Push (new Enemy () { Name = "Bugbear", Level = 5, HP = 350, Exp = 180 });
            
            Console.WriteLine ("**********************");
            foreach (Enemy enemy in enemyStack) {
                enemy.printEnemyInfo();
            }
            
            // 삭제
            Console.WriteLine ("********* Out *********");
            Enemy outEnemy = enemyStack.Pop ();
            outEnemy.printEnemyInfo ();
            
            Console.WriteLine ("**********************");
            foreach (Enemy enemy in enemyStack) {
                enemy.printEnemyInfo();
            }
            
            // 검색 후 삭제
            Console.WriteLine ("******** Last *********");
            Enemy lastEnemy = enemyStack.Peek();
            lastEnemy.printEnemyInfo ();
        }
    }
}